Abstract: Objective To investigate the values of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy in etiological diagnosis of hydrohystera in postmenopausal women.Methods The results of transvaginal sonography and hysteroscopy were analyzed and compared with pathological results in 48 postmenopausal women with hydrohystera.Results Among the 48 patients,hydrohystera was confirmed in 47 and misdiagnosed in 1 by transvaginal sonography,respectively.The phthological diagnosis of maligaant lesious of four cases.Benign disease and malignant lesion were diagnosed in 40 and 7 by hysteroscopy,respectively.The diagnostic coincidence rate was 57.14%.Conclusion Transvaginal sonography is the preferred method for screening hydrohystera.The hysteroscopy should be combined with diagnostic curettage or hysteroscopic biopsy to diagnose the cause of hydrohystera.