Abstract: Objective To correctly judge hypoglycemia induced by chronic proliferative hematonosis to direct clinical treatment.Methods After biochemical blood glucose parameters were obtained,fingertip blood glucose testing was performed in 10 patients with serum glucose levels less than 2.8 mmol·L-1 and without hypoglycemic symptoms(7 cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia and 3 cases of polycythemia rubra vera) who did not receive special treatment.Oral glucose tolerance test,C-peptide releasing test and insulin releasing test were improved to evaluate insulin release and insulin resistance.Results The levels of C-peptide were normal in all patients.Oral glucose tolerance test showed lower fasting blood glucose levels,which returned to normal levels 60 and 120 minutes after sugar treatment.Blood glucose levels were(6.25±0.35),(95.79±0.46),(4.78±0.43),(3.27±0.48) and(1.68±0.54)mmol·L-1after blood samples were set aside for 0,30,60,120 and 180 minutes,respectively.There results demonstrated that long-time blood sample shunt decreased the detection levels of blood glucose and pseudohypoglycemia was confirmed in all the 10 patients.Conclusion Both chronic myelocytic leukemia and polycythemia rubra vera can induce pseudohypoglycemia.Therefore,correct clinical judgment is needed to avoid blind treatment.