Abstract: Chen Duxiu is one of the pioneers in the Chinese modernization philosophy of life.Criticized fiercely with the traditional philosophy of life,he used the method of evolutionism and historical materialism as a weapon to explore some vital issues such as meaning of life,value of life,happiness,ideal personality,etc.Chen Duxiu owned obstinate and fortitude character,wild and conceit temperament and noble personality.No money and rank can confuse him,no poverty and hardship can shake him,and no power and force can suffocate him,which left the most legendary chapters in Chinese modern history.