Abstract: Emission Trading is an important economic approach on pollution prevention.At present,SO2 is regarded as the most important object of air pollution control and China has put forward specific missions and goals of emission reduction.However,for the defects of system devising,the implements of the policies were not as good as they supposed to be.America has made remarkably achievements at SO2 prevention through Emission Trading.This article introduces the successful experience of the U.S.A.,and interprets the characteristics and reduction issues of China’s SO2 emission;so we can get an enlightenment.The conclusion is that Emission Trading can be an effective policy instrument for SO2 emission reduction in China.