Abstract: The object violated of the crime of forging and altering official document and certificates is evidence function of documents.The difference between public documents and private documents is whether the documents is manufactured by public servants and whether the document has evidence function.Forgery and alternation in the crime comprise visible forgery,visible alternation,invisible forgery and invisible alternation.The subjective content of the crime should be confined to have the criminal intent for the purpose of applying.
熊永明 胡祥福. 伪造、变造国家机关公文、证件罪争点新诠[J]. 南昌大学学报(人文社会科学版), 2005, 36(05): 42-46.
XIONG Yong-ming,Hu Xiang-fu. On Crime of Forging and Altering Official Documents and Certificates. , 2005, 36(05): 42-46.