Abstract: Mao Zedong’s idea on peasant education is an important part of Mao Zedong thought.It is close to the special situation in China,the situation of Chinese peasants,and the central tasks of the Chinese revolution in different periods.Mao Zedong’s idea on peasant education mainly lies in:to put priority to the interests of the peasants,the ideological education,the mixture with the masses,cultural education of peasants,the peasant self-education,and the role of examples.The realistic enlightement mainly lies in :the orientation of peasant education,the concern of their benefits,the good treatment of peasants,the correct guidance of peasants,and the constant education of cadres.