Abstract: Objective To investigate the effects of low-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation(rTMS) on aphasia after acute cerebral infarction.Methods A total of 176 patients with aphasia following left hemispheric cerebral infarction were randomized into two groups according to treatment time.The treatment group(n=96) was treated with low-frequency rTMS once a day for 30 days after 7 days of routine drug therapy and speech training.The control group(n=80) was only given routine drug therapy and speech training.Patients were evaluated by the Boston Diagnostic Aphasia Examination(BDAE) before and after treatment.Results Compared with control group,low-frequency rTMS obviously improved the degree of aphasia(χ2=12.646,P=0.027),and significantly increased the total effective rate(93.75% vs 83.75%;χ2=4.531,P=0.033).Conclusion The low-frequency rTMS can improve language functions of patients with aphasia following cerebral infarction.