Abstract： Objective To analyze the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens responsible for hospital-acquired pneumonia(HAP)and community-acquired pneumonia(CAP) in order to guide the initial selection of appropriate antibiotics for children with pneumonia.Methods A retrospective chart review was conducted to analyze the distribution and antimicrobial susceptibility of pathogens in hospitalized children with pneumonia and at least one positive result of sputum culture from June 2008 to June 2011.Results Among the 267 children with pneumonia,64 were HAP and 203 were CAP.One hundred pathogens were isolated in children with HAP,including 15 strains of gram-positive bacteria(15.00%),70 strains of gram-negative bacteria(70.00%) and 15 strains of fungi(15.00%).The top three pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae(25 strains,25.00%),Acinetobacter baumannii(15 strains,15.00%) and Coagulase-negative staphylococci(11 strains,11.00%).The mixed infection rate was 48.40%.A total of 208 pathogens were isolated in children with CAP,including 46 strains of gram-positive bacteria(22.12%),157 strains of gram-negative bacteria(75.48%) and 5 strains of fungi(2.40%).The top three pathogens were Klebsiella pneumoniae(65 strains,31.25%),Escherichia coli(32 strains,15.39%) and Streptococcus pneumoniae(19 strains,9.14%).The mixed infection rate was 2.46%.Drug sensitivity testing displayed that the antibiotic resistance of pathogens responsible for HAP was significantly higher than that responsible for CAP(P<0.01 or P<0.05).Gram-positive cocci were most sensitive to vancomycin.Gram-negative bacteria were most sensitive to cefoperazone/sulbactam,imipenem and meropenem.Conclusion These are multiple enzyme-producing strains in sputa of children with HAP.Isolates are highly resistant to antibiotics and the pneumonia is difficult to treat.Knowing the distribution and drug resistance of pathogens is important for guiding clinical treatment and increasing successful rescue rate in children with pneumonia.
孙萍； 颜婷； 吴颖. 儿童院内和社区获得性肺炎的病原菌及耐药性对比分析[J]. 南昌大学学报（医学版）, 2011, 53(10): 34-38.
SUN Ping,YAN Ting,WU Ying. Comparative Analysis of Distribution and Drug Resistance of Pathogenic Bacteria in Children with Hospital and Community-acquired Pneumonia. , 2011, 53(10): 34-38.
2011, Vol. 53 
